Improvement in plows



PATENT QFFICE.

JOHN nimes, on PoLKviLLn KENTUCKY.

IMPROVEMENT IN PLows.

Specification'forming` part-cf Letters Patent No. 45,995, dated January 24, 1865.

To all vwhom it may concern. i i

Be it known that I, JOHN HANES, of Polkville, in' the county of `Warren and State of entucky, have invented certain new and use i ful Improvements in-Plows andIhereby de:

tached; and Figs. 3, 4, 5, and4 6 are views of plowshares adapted for various uses or under different circumstances.

The breaking,.turning up,'and preparing of the soilfor the'reception ofthe seed requires plows of various forms, according to-theuature of the ground and the depthand width of the furrows intended to be produced.

A It will be unnecessary here to explain the various plows used or useful 'and necessary on most farms, suiceto say that a number of plows are required to perform the work of a vfarm, involving considerable outlayin ,farming implements of thiSdQSQLiDOn, besides theV care and ltimeto.keefrthem inodw'erking The object of this invention is to dispense with a largen'umber of plows, and thus to effect economy in the first outlay, time, and la-4 bor; and I have eiectedmysaid vobject by the constructlonand arrangement, hereinafter described, of hat I term the interchangeable l plowff andmy invention 'consists in forming the curved' front bar ofthe plow-,stock with an .eye and. stud,`and,lin combination therewith,

forming" 'the interchangeable vplowshares,l or

` the equivalents thereof, of corresponding cur. i .vature' and -with correspondingopenings, so.

that'by vthe simple application of a bolt either. of 'said plowshares may be adjusteffj and ksecrelyheld in place.

To enable others to makeand use my'invention, I shall .now proceed' to describe the construction and operation of my improved inter changeable plow.

-Inthe said' drawings, A is the plowstock.

`It is composed of three'prts-to wit, first, the

ground-bar c, extending horizontally in the.

line of draft; second, the curved front bar, b,

` springingfrom thetoe of the ground-bar, and describing a curve of ,requisite form to suitl the various plowshares, shovels, or other like4 implements to be applied, -and reaching the beam B, where it terminates in a screwthreaded shank, which, passing through the beam, is by means of nut, n, firmly secured to it; third, the brace c. This is a bar united withthe'ground-,bar at the heel thereof, and

passes through the forked end of the beam,to which it is firmly bolted; At d the curved frontbar is-enlarged,and. a hole of square or other angular sectional area traverses the enlargement at right angle to the tangent. at' that point of the curve.

Toward the point of the front bar projects astud, g, of a height equal to the thickness of the interchangeable pieces, so that when either of them is applied the stud will be iush with the surface of the incid-.board or shovel, or theequivalent thereof.

`The plowshares, as before stated, `are of va 'I rions forms, according to the uses they are applied to. To illustrate, I have shown right and -left hand plowshares, a common shovel and turning-shovel, a small meadow, and a. stony-ground shovel. They are all curved at the back, so as to snugly flt the frontbar, and a'square and a round hole, h and m, is formed to correspond respectively to the square hole and the round stud in the front bar. The edges of the square hole I prefer to bevel soI as to iiare toward the outer surface, and the bolt-head used is accordingly bevel-faced on theunder side. By this arrangement' the head ofthe bolt will be ush with the surface of the plowshare. The bolt .9 itself is square-shanked, so as to allow ofthe nut being put on without turning the bolt. Y

Y From the above description it will `bereadf ily seen ,thatthe plow may be converted into plows of various kinds by simply looseningthe nut on the bolt s', and by removing' the plowshare and substituting in lieu thereof another plowshare or blade.

ing thehandles R to thebeani may be adopted. In this instance they are .inserted into loops -L 'at the sides of the beam, and are prevented from being disconnected by means of a bolt,

, uniting the brace c with the branched end of Any suitable or convenient mode of attachf" the upper brace, P, abutting againsttraversemediary of the brace P and erossbmA w, subred w. i stantially as set; forth.

Having thus described my invention and In testimony whereof I have signed my name the manner in which the same is or may be to this specifica-tion before twosubscribng witcarried into effect, I elaiini nesses.

'Formingthe plow-steek-that is, the curved front bar, b, ground-bm' a, and brace c-iu one JOHN BANES' piece, in combination with the manner herein Witnesses: deseribed and shown of adjusting the same to H. GRIDER, the beaml B and handles R through the nter- H. Y.y GARDNER. 

